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| Bill Gates |
1.
Bill Gates :
Bill
Gates created his first computer program while still at high school, co-founded
Microsoft in 1977, and by 1993 was the richest man on Earth. In 2000 Gates and
his wife formed the Bill & Melinda Gates foundation, which is the largest
charity in the world. One of its aim is to exempt the Third World of polio and
other deadly diseases.
2.
Martin Luther King :
Martin
Luther King was a Baptist minister who campaigned against the segregation of
blacks in the Southern states of the United States. He was influenced by Gandhi
and believed in peaceful protest. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. King
was assassinated in 1968, but will always be remembered for his dignified,
passive resistance to an unjust society.
3.
Nelson Mandela :
Nelson
Mandela dedicated his life to the fight against apartheid – a policy which kept
black and white South Africans apart and denied black citizens the vote. He was
imprisoned in 1964 for his aggressive opposition to South Africa’s racist
government and was held for 26 years. In 1990, after his release, Mandela was
elected President of the African National Congress. In 1993 he won the Nobel
Peace Prize for his work to end apartheid
4.
Adolf Hitler :
Adolf
Hitler was Germany’s leader from 1933 – 1945, during time which he led the
world into the most devastating war in history. Hitler’s hatred of Jewish
people and his desire for a blue-eyed, blond-haired master race led to the
murder of six million people during World War II; most died in concentration
camp in Eastern Europe.
5.
Albert Einstein :
Albert
Einstein was one of the greatest of all physicists and his name has become a
symbol of genius. When his most famous work, the General Theory Of Relativity
was proven in 1919, Einstein became the most celebrated scientist in the world
and he won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 192 1. Einstein was a firm believer
in pacifism but his scientific theories helped his adopted country, the USA, to
develop the atomic bomb. A week before he died Einstein wrote to Bertrand
Russell, a British Philosopher and leading antinuclear campaigner, asking to
put his name to a manifesto urging all countries to give up their nuclear
weapons.
6.
Mahatma Gandhi :
Gandhi
began his career as a lawyer but became a great political and spiritual leader.
He led the peaceful civil disobedience of Indians against British rule in India
and negotiated with the British Government until 1947, when India was granted
independence. Gandhi became the first icon of a people’s struggle agains
oppression. His simple lifestyle and his belief in religious tolerance have
made him a symbol of decency and peace ever since.
7.
Karl Marx :
Karl
Marx's ideas on economic history and sociology changed the world. Marx was a
social philosopher who attacked the state and predicted a future in which
everyone was equal. He explained his theories in the Communist Manifesto
(compiled with Friedrich Engels and published in 1848) and Das Kapital (1867 –
94). His ideas eventually led to the Russian Revolution and communism. By 1950
almost half of the world‘s people lived under communist regimes.
8.
Charles Darwin :
Naturalist
Charles Darwin established the theory of evolution. He began forming his ideas
when he served as official naturalist on a world voyage on HMS Beagle (1831 –
36) and spent the rest of his life back in England developing them. When his
famous book The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selections was published
in 1859, there were violent reactions against it. Darwin challenged the Bible’s
account of creation and explained that human being are descended from an
ape-like ancestor. Another English naturalist, Alfred Russell Wallace,
independently developed very similar ideas at the same time as Darwin.
9.
William Shakespeare :
William
Shakespeare is generally agreed to be the greatest play writer in the English
language. He began as an actor and wrote atleast 154 love poems and 37 plays,
including Hamlet, King Lear, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. Shakespeare also
probably introduced more than 1,700 new words to the English Language.
10.
Christopher Columbus :
Christopher Columbus is one of the most
famous of all explorers. He believed he could reach Asia by sailing west across
the Atlantic Ocean and in 1492 he set sail in the Santa Maria to prove his
theory. Instead, he landed on the islands now known as the West Indies. His
discoveries led to the European explorations and settlement of the Americas.
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